Title Page
The title page includes a concise and informative title; the full names of all authors including their given names; the affiliation addresses (including city, post code and country) of all authors; and the contact details of the corresponding author (including telephone number, and email address). Ensure that the e-mail address of the corresponding author is kept up to date.
Title
The title should be suitable, concise and informative. The title should show the main idea and thesis, and be easy for information-retrieval. Avoid abbreviations and formulae.
Abstract
The abstract can clearly describe the major findings reported in the manuscript. The abstract should state the purpose of the research, main method, the principal results and major conclusions. Use the same key words and phrases in the Title and Abstract, to increase the chances of being found by search engines. Organize messages logically and clearly, and make points flow and text readable to encourage the reader to read it through. References and non-standard or uncommon abbreviations should be avoided.
Keywords
Provide 4 to 8 keywords, and avoid and, of, etc. These keywords reflect the specificity of the paper, and will be used for index.
Text
Introduction
State the purpose of the study and provide a background, avoiding a detailed literature survey or a summary of the results. The Introduction should not contain either results or conclusions.
Materials and Method
Provide sufficient details to allow the work to be reproduced. Methods already published should be referenced without detailed description.
Results
The Results should be concise and true. Presentation of the same data in different forms should be avoided.
Discuss
This should explore the significance of the results of the work. Avoid repeated information that already existed in the Introduction and Results sections.
Conclusion
The Conclusion is the final summary of the study. The main conclusions can be listed.
Acknowledgements
The contribution of colleagues or institutions can be acknowledged. The names of funding organizations should be written in full, but thanks to reviewers should not be included.
References
Citation in text
In the text, references should be cited using the basic form of the author-date consists of the last (family) name of authors, and the year of publication of the work.
Examples of text citations:
One author: (Vandermeer, 1990)
Two authors: (Sun and Wang, 2000; Cao and Xu, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Moons et al., 1997; Schlag et al., 2000a; 2000b)
References list
The references should be listed in alphabetical order of authors’ surnames. The number of references should be at least 25. References list should only include works that are cited in the text and that have been published. Please use the full names of journals, books and conferences. For a reference published other than in English, the language used should be noted at the end of the reference, e.g., (in Chinese).
Miller TC, Tobin RL, Freisz TL, 1991. Stackelberg games on a network with Cournot–Nash oligopolistic competitors. Journal of Regional Science , 31 (4), 435-454. (Journals) DOI: xxx
Hino T, Martinelli L, Jameson A, 1993. A finite-volume method with unstructured grid for free surface flow simulations. Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Numerical Ship Hydrodynamics , Iowa City, USA, 173-193. (Proceedings)
Harker PT, 1987. Predicting intercity freight flows . VNU Science Press, Utrecht, the Netherlands, 20-25. (Whole books)
Prigogine I, 1976. Order through fluctuation: self-organization and social system. In: Jantsch E, Waddington C (Eds.). Evolution and Consciousness: Human Systems in Transition . Addison-Wesley, London, 93-134. (Monographs or chapters in edited books)
Cone CD, 1963. The aerodynamic design of wings with cambered span having minimum induced drag . Langley Research Center, Virginia, United States, NASA Technical Report No. TR R-152. (Reports)
Hsin C, 1990. Development and analysis of panel methods for propellers in unsteady flow . PhD thesis, Massachusetts Institutes of Technology, Cambridge, 15-20. (Thesis)
Carter RW, Eretkin RC, 2011. Induced surface flow wave energy converter. U.S. Pataent 8084873 B2. (A patent)
ISO, 1982. ISO 4948-1:1982. Steels classification-Part 1: Classification of steels into unalloyed and alloy steels based on chemical composition. International Organization for Standardization, Geneva. (A standard)
University of Sheffield Library, 2001. Citing electronic sources of information. University of Sheffield. Available from http://www.shef.ac.uk/library/libdocs/hsl-dvc1.pdf [Accessed on Feb. 23, 2007]. (A website)
Figures
Figures must be numbered by Arabic numerals, and be cited in text in consecutive numerical order. A caption giving the figure number and a brief description must be included. The caption should be understandable without reference to the text. Color figures are encouraged where they will enhance the presentation of the data, and they are free. No punctuation is placed at the end of the caption. If a figure has been published before, the authors must obtain permission from the copyright owner(s) for both the print and electronic formats and submit it with the manuscript. Figures should be cited in the text using the following format: Fig. 1, Fig. 1(a), Figs. 1 and 2, Figs. 1–3, or Figs. 1(a)–1(c).
Format At the revision stage, authors who have created their files using a drawing or painting program such as Visio, Origin, Excel, AutoCAD, Coreldraw, ANSYS, Matlab should provide the original files that can be edited. Authors who have created their files using a drawing or painting program should export the files to TIFF format. The figure’s magnification should be expressed by scale bars.
Resolution Adequate figure resolution is essential to a high-quality print and online rendering of your manuscript. Raster line art should carry an absolute minimum resolution of 700 dots per inch (dpi).
Line width The line width should generally be 0.5 pt . Please note that the actual line width changes with the scale of the figure.
Tables
Please set up Tables as editable text and not as images. Tables should usually contain three horizontal lines, without vertical lines. Each table must have a brief title that describes its contents. The title should be understandable without reference to the text. Details such as explanatory material, specific entries, and definitions of non-standard abbreviations should be put in table footnotes, not in the title. All tables must be mentioned in the text in consecutive order and must be numbered with Arabic numbers as Table 1, Table 2, etc.
Units
Please use the international system of units (SI). If other units are used, please give their equivalent in SI.
Variables and formulae
Variables, regardless of the context (formula, figure or table), should be presented in italics (e.g., x 1 ); if a variable represents a vector or a matrix, it should be in Italics & bold (e.g., x1).
Numerals and operators should never be italicized. Number consecutively any equations that have to be displayed separately from the text. For complex formulae, use the software " MathType " and define the sizes as follows:
(1) Full: 9.5 pt;
(2) Subscript/Superscript: 58%;
(3) Sub-subscript/Superscript: 42%.