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Citation:
　Rana N. Zedan,I. M. H. Rashwan,A. S. Koraim,et al.Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of Wave-Induced Scour Around Caisson Breakwater Suspended on Piles[J].Journal of Marine Science and Application,2026,(5):1145-1159.[doi:10.1007/s11804-026-00881-y]
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Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of Wave-Induced Scour Around Caisson Breakwater Suspended on Piles

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Title:
Three-Dimensional Numerical Modeling of Wave-Induced Scour Around Caisson Breakwater Suspended on Piles
Author(s):
Rana N. Zedan1;  I. M. H. Rashwan2;  A. S. Koraim3;  Hany F. Abd-Elhamid3; 4;  Martina Zeleňáková5;  H. Omara2
Affilations:
Author(s):
Rana N. Zedan1;  I. M. H. Rashwan2;  A. S. Koraim3;  Hany F. Abd-Elhamid3; 4;  Martina Zeleňáková5;  H. Omara2
1 Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt;
2 Irrigation and Hydraulics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
3 Department of Water and Water Structures Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
4 Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 040 01 Ko?ice, Slovakia;
5 Institute of Sustainable and Circular Construction, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Kosice, 040 01 Ko?ice, Slovakia
Keywords:
Breakwater; Caisson; Deposition; Piles; Scour
分类号:
-
DOI:
10.1007/s11804-026-00881-y
Abstract:
Scouring around vertical piles in ocean environments, especially under wave action, can significantly affect the stability of structures. Therefore, accurately predicting scour depth is essential for proper pile design. While empirical methods are commonly used, they often lack the accuracy required to model such complex processes, whereas data mining techniques provide more reliable predictions. This study evaluates the predictive performance of a morphological model for caisson breakwaters supported by piles under clear-water conditions, using the Flow-3D HYDRO mathematical modeling tool, addressing a gap in its application. In this study, a series of three-dimensional numerical models were developed to investigate the mechanisms of local scour around semi-immersed caisson breakwaters supported by piles. The investigation focused on key parameters such as the spacing between the piles and the gradual increase in the draft of the caisson barrier, subjected to different wave actions. The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, along with the renormalization group (RNG) turbulence model and the Van Rijn sediment transport model, were used to simulate the morphological changes around the caisson breakwater. A numerical contour map was generated to assess the scour topography and sediment deposition beneath the breakwater and around the piles. A three-dimensional numerical model is developed to investigate modifying the caisson’s cross section for different two scenarios on controlling the scour progress around a semi-immersed caisson suspended on piles under wave action. The simulation results were compared to previous experimental data, showing a high level of agreement. The effects of pile spacing on the flow field, bed elevation contours, deposition height, scour length, and scour depth were examined in two different scenarios with varying breakwater drafts. The findings reveal that pile spacing significantly affects the flow dynamics, local scour around the piles, and beneath the breakwater. This influence leads to distinctly different patterns of scour holes and variations in scour depth under the barrier. Detailed discussions are provided on the relationships between these effects and the dimensionless wave number. The attempt to increase the overall width of the breakwater by 0.25 W successfully moved scour away from the breakwater and the piles while maintaining its constant value

References:

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Memo

Memo:
Received date:2025-3-24;Accepted date:2026-8-2。<br>Foundation item:Supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the Contract no. APVV-20-0281.<br>Corresponding author:Hany F. Abd-Elhamid,E-mail:hany.abdelhamid@tuke.sk
Last Update: 2026-11-04