|Table of Contents|

Citation:
　Alireza Nadery,Hossein Shafigh,Amin Najafi,et al.Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Geometrical Parameters on the Hydrodynamic Performance and Flow Characteristics of a Toroidal Propeller[J].Journal of Marine Science and Application,2026,(2):377-392.[doi:10.1007/s11804-025-00781-7]
Click and Copy

Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Geometrical Parameters on the Hydrodynamic Performance and Flow Characteristics of a Toroidal Propeller

Info

Title:
Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Geometrical Parameters on the Hydrodynamic Performance and Flow Characteristics of a Toroidal Propeller
Author(s):
Alireza Nadery1;  Hossein Shafigh2;  Amin Najafi2;  Hassan Ghassemi1; 3;  S. Yasin Ziabari1
Affilations:
Author(s):
Alireza Nadery1;  Hossein Shafigh2;  Amin Najafi2;  Hassan Ghassemi1; 3;  S. Yasin Ziabari1
1. Department of Maritime Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran;
2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, 1698715861, Iran;
3. International School of Ocean Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 150001, China
Keywords:
Computational fluid dynamics|Toroidal propeller|Parametric study|Blade section|Hydrodynamic coefficients
分类号:
-
DOI:
10.1007/s11804-025-00781-7
Abstract:
This study parametrically explores the hydrodynamic characteristics of a toroidal propeller. Seven geometrical parameters (skew angle, pitch angle, chord length, rake, roll angle, blade alpha vertical angle, and blade section) are introduced, and their effects on thrust, torque, and efficiency are analyzed. The performance of the propellers is simulated using computational fluid dynamics based on the finite volume method. First, an open-water simulation is conducted for a common B-series propeller. The numerical results are compared with available experimental data, and an acceptable agreement is achieved. Then, the investigations were extended to the toroidal propeller by changing the seven geometrical parameters (±5%, ±10%, and ±20%). The analysis demonstrates hydrodynamic performance improvements relative to the B-series propeller. Numerical results indicate that changes in pitch angles exert the greatest influence on hydrodynamic efficiency, whereas variations in skew angle have the least impact. Furthermore, a comparative study examines the flow field around and downstream of the propellers under different operating conditions.

References:

[1] Abbott IH, Von Doenhoff AE (2012) Theory of wing sections: including a summary of airfoil data. Courier Corporation
[2] Avellán R, Lundbladh A (2013) Boxprop, a forward-swept joined-blade propeller. ISABE-2013-1108
[3] Barth T, Jespersen D (1989) The design and application of upwind schemes on unstructured meshes. 27th Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, USA, 366
[4] Bertetta D, Brizzolara S, Canepa E, Gaggero S, Viviani M (2012) EFD and CFD characterization of a CLT propeller. International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2012: 348939. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/348939
[5] Capitao Patrao A, Gr?nstedt T, Avellán R, Lundbladh A (2018a) Wake energy analysis method applied to the Boxprop propeller concept. Aerospace Science and Technology 79: 689-700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2018.06.018
[6] Capitao Patrao A, Lindblad D, Lundbladh A, Gr?nstedt T (2018b) Aerodynamic and aeroacoustic comparison of optimized highspeed propeller blades. 2018 Joint Propulsion Conference, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2018-4658
[7] Carlton J (2007) Marine propeller and propulsion. 2nd Edition. Oxford, Bodmin Cornwall, 89-92
[8] Carlton JS (2012) Marine propellers and propulsion. 3rd edition. Butterworth-Heinemann, Vol. 163. https://doi.org/10.1680/maen.2010.163.4.182
[9] Celik IB, Ghia U, Roache PJ, Freitas CJ, Coleman H, Raad PE (2008) Procedure for estimation and reporting of uncertainty due to discretization in CFD applications. Journal of Fluids Engineering 130(7): 0780011-0780014. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2960953
[10] Djahida B, Omar I (2017) Impact of some geometrical aspects on the tandem co-rotating propeller hydrodynamic characteristics. Brodogradnja: Teorija i Praksa Brodogradnje i Pomorske Tehnike 68(1): 107-123
[11] Djahida B, Omar I (2019) Numerical simulation of the cavitating flow around marine co-rotating tandem propellers. Brodogradnja 70(1): 43-57. https://doi.org/10.21278/brod70104
[12] Ferziger JH, Peric M (2002) Computational methods for fluid dynamics. Third edition. Springer, Berlin
[13] Gaggero S, Gonzalez-Adalid J, Perez Sobrino M (2016a) Design of contracted and tip loaded propellers by using boundary element methods and optimization algorithms. Applied Ocean Research 55: 102-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2015.12.004
[14] Gaggero S, Gonzalez-Adalid J, Sobrino MP (2016b) Design and analysis of a new generation of CLT propellers. Applied Ocean Research 59: 424-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2016.06.014
[15] Gao Hongtao, Zhu Wencai, Liu Yutong, Yan Yuying (2019) Effect of various winglets on the performance of marine propeller. 86 (January): 246-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2019.03.006
[16] Huang Z, Yao H, Sj?gren O, Lundbladh A, Davidson L (2020) Aeroacoustic analysis of aerodynamically optimized joined-blade propeller for future electric aircraft at cruise and take-off. Aerospace Science and Technology 107: 106336
[17] ITTC (2014) Practical guidelines for ship self-propulsion CFD. ITTC-Recommended Procedures and Guidelines, 9
[18] Kehr Y, Xu H, Kao J (2019) On the development and verification of diffused endplate propeller. Sixth International Symposium on Marine Propulsors SMP’19, Rome, Italy
[19] Kulyk M, Kirchu F, Hanesh H (2020) A numerical study of performance of the small-size uav pushing tandem propeller with joined blades. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 2(7(104)): 40-48 https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.199486
[20] Liu Y, Gong Q (2020) Numerical investigation on the flow characteristics and hydrodynamic performance of tandem propeller. Applied Ocean Research 101(July): 102292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2020.102292
[21] Moghaddas A, Gholipor M, Nadery A, Bahrami H (2025) Investigating the effect of blade tip bending (winglet) on efficiency and occurrence of cavitation of a submerged propeller. Ocean Engineering 319: 120254
[22] Patrao AC, Gr?nstedt T, Lundbladh A, Villar GM (2019) Wake analysis of an aerodynamically optimized boxprop high-speed propeller. Journal of Turbomachinery 141(9): 1-48. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4043974
[23] Patrao AC, Montero Villar G, Takachi Tomita J, Bringhenti C, Avellan R, Lundbladh A, Gr?nstedt T (2016) An optimization platform for high speed propellers. Aerospace Technology Congress, Solna, Stockholm, 1-17
[24] Preso DB, Fuster D, Sieber AB, Obreschkow D, Farhat M (2024) Vapor compression and energy dissipation in a collapsing laser-induced bubble. Physics of Fluids 36(3): 033342
[25] Roache PJ (1997) Quantification of uncertainty in computational fluid dynamics. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 29(1): 123-160
[26] Sánchez-Caja A, González-Adalid J, Perez-Sobrino M, Saisto I (2012) Study of end-plate shape variations for tip loaded propellers using a RANSE solver. 29th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Gothenburg, Sweden
[27] Sánchez-Caja A, González-Adalid J, Pérez-Sobrino M, Sipil? T (2014) Scale effects on tip loaded propeller performance using a RANSE solver. Ocean Engineering 88: 607-617
[28] Selig MS, Lyon CA, Giguere P, Ninham CP, Guglielmo JJ (1995) Summary of low-speed airfoil data: Volume 1. SoarTech Publications
[29] Sharrow GC (2022) Propeller. US20220135195A1. United States Patent Office
[30] Shih TH, Liou WW, Shabbir A, Yang Z, Zhu J (1995) A new k-ε eddy viscosity model for high reynolds number turbulent flows. Computers & Fluids 24(3): 227-238
[31] Siemens Digital Industries Software (2023) STAR-CCM+ [Version 2402.0001] Tutorial Guide. Siemens Digital Industries Software, Munich, Germany
[32] Tabib M, Siddiqui MS, Rasheed A, Kvamsdal T (2017) Industrial scale turbine and associated wake development-comparison of RANS based Actuator Line Vs Sliding Mesh Interface Vs Multiple Reference Frame method. Energy Procedia 137: 487-496
[33] Tang Z, He W, Li Z (2024) Research on the open-water performance and tip-vortex of toroidal propeller. 34th International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference, Rhodes, Greece, ISOPE-I-24-582
[34] Van Lammeren WPA, Van Manen JD, Oosterveld MWC (1969) The Wageningen B-screw series. The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers, New York, USA
[35] Wang C, Liu S, Xia K, Wang C, Ye L (2024) Numerical research on hydrodynamic performance of toroidal propeller under the influence of geometric parameters. Ocean Engineering 314: 119704
[36] Wu J, Wang Q, Deasy H, Hang J (2024) A study on the effect of toroidal propeller parameters on efficiency and thrust. Energies 17(23): 5938
[37] Xiang Y, Wang W (2024) Hydrodynamic performance evaluation of pump-jet propulsion based on the toroidal propeller. Ocean Engineering 311(P2): 118932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.118932
[38] Xu P, Guo Y, Ye L, Song K (2024) Hydrodynamic performance of toroidal propeller based on detached eddy simulation method. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12(12): 2132
[39] Yao H, Liu Y, Zhang H, Zhang Q (2021) Comparative study on hydrodynamic performance and induced pressure of new canard tandem propellers and conventional propellers. Ocean Engineering 221: 108566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.108566
[40] Ye Liyu, Wang Chao, Sun Cong, Guo Chunyu (2023) Mathematical expression method for geometric shape of toroidal propeller. Chinese Journal of Ship Research 19(3): 224-233
[41] Zhang AM, Li SM, Xu RZ, Pei SC, Li S, Liu YL (2024) A theoretical model for compressible bubble dynamics considering phase transition and migration. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 999: A58
[42] Zhu W, Gao H (2019) A numerical investigation of awinglet-propeller using an LES model. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 7(10): 333. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse7100333

Memo

Memo:
Received date:2024-12-14;Accepted date:2025-5-25。<br>Corresponding author:Alireza Nadery,E-mail:Alireza.nadery33@gmail.com
Last Update: 2026-06-08