Citation:
Alireza Bolghasi,Parviz Ghadimi,Mohammad A. Feizi Chekab.Sound Scattering From Rough Bubbly Ocean Surface Based on Modified Sea Surface Acoustic Simulator and Consideration of Various Incident Angles and Sub-surface Bubbles’ Radii[J].Journal of Marine Science and Application,2016,(3):275-287.[doi:10.1007/s11804-016-1374-6]
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Sound Scattering From Rough Bubbly Ocean Surface Based on Modified Sea Surface Acoustic Simulator and Consideration of Various Incident Angles and Sub-surface Bubbles’ Radii
Alireza Bolghasi,Parviz Ghadimi,Mohammad A. Feizi Chekab.Sound Scattering From Rough Bubbly Ocean Surface Based on Modified Sea Surface Acoustic Simulator and Consideration of Various Incident Angles and Sub-surface Bubbles’ Radii[J].Journal of Marine Science and Application,2016,(3):275-287.[doi:10.1007/s11804-016-1374-6]
Info
- Title:
- Sound Scattering From Rough Bubbly Ocean Surface Based on Modified Sea Surface Acoustic Simulator and Consideration of Various Incident Angles and Sub-surface Bubbles’ Radii
- Author(s):
- Alireza Bolghasi; Parviz Ghadimi; Mohammad A. Feizi Chekab
- Affilations:
- Keywords:
- Modified SSAS method; scattering strength; rough bubbly sea surface; wind speed; sub-surface bubble plume; surface scattering mechanisms
- DOI:
- 10.1007/s11804-016-1374-6
- Abstract:
- The aim of the present study is to improve the capabilities and precision of a recently introduced Sea Surface Acoustic Simulator (SSAS) developed based on optimization of the Helmholtz-Kirchhoff-Fresnel (HKF) method. The improved acoustic simulator, hereby known as theModified SSAS (MSSAS), is capable of determining sound scattering from the sea surface and includes an extended Hall-Novarini model and optimized HKF method. The extended Hall-Novarini model is used for consideringthe effects of sub-surface bubbles over a wider range of radii of sub-surface bubbles compared to the previous SSAS version. Furthermore, MSSAS has the capability of making a three-dimensional simulation of scattered sound from the rough bubbly sea surface with less error than that of the Critical Sea Tests (CST) experiments. Also, it presents scattered pressure levels from the rough bubbly sea surface based on various incident angles of sound. Wind speed, frequency, incident angle, and pressure level of the sound source are considered as input data, and scattered pressure levels and scattering coefficients are provided. Finally, different parametric studies were conducted on wind speeds, frequencies, and incident angles to indicate that MSSAS is quite capable of simulating sound scattering from the rough bubbly sea surface, according to the scattering mechanisms determined by Ogden and Erskine.Therefore, it is concluded that MSSAS is valid for both scattering mechanisms and the transition region between them that are defined by Ogden and Erskine.
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Memo
- Memo:
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Received date: 2015-10-11;Accepted date: 2016-2-29。
Corresponding author: Parviz Ghadimi,E-mail:pghadimi@aut.ac.ir
