|Table of Contents|

Citation:
 Utku Cem Karabulut,Baris Barlas.Computational Analysis on the Hydrodynamics of a Semisubmersible Naval Ship[J].Journal of Marine Science and Application,2025,(2):331-344.[doi:10.1007/s11804-025-00661-0]
Click and Copy

Computational Analysis on the Hydrodynamics of a Semisubmersible Naval Ship

Info

Title:
Computational Analysis on the Hydrodynamics of a Semisubmersible Naval Ship
Author(s):
Utku Cem Karabulut12 Baris Barlas1
Affilations:
Author(s):
Utku Cem Karabulut12 Baris Barlas1
1. Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, ?stanbul Technical University, 34469, ?stanbul, Turkey;
2. Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Band?rma Onyedi Eylül University, 10200, Bal?kesir, Turkey
Keywords:
Semisubmersible naval shipShip resistancePlaning hullComputational fluid dynamicsURANS equationsFree surface effectHigh-resolution-interface-capturing schemeNumerical ventilation problem
分类号:
-
DOI:
10.1007/s11804-025-00661-0
Abstract:
Semisubmersible naval ships are versatile military crafts that combine the advantageous features of high-speed planing crafts and submarines. At-surface, these ships are designed to provide sufficient speed and maneuverability. Additionally, they can perform shallow dives, offering low visual and acoustic detectability. Therefore, the hydrodynamic design of a semisubmersible naval ship should address at-surface and submerged conditions. In this study, Numerical analyses were performed using a semisubmersible hull form to analyze its hydrodynamic features, including resistance, powering, and maneuvering. The simulations were conducted with Star CCM+ version 2302, a commercial package program that solves URANS equations using the SST k-ω turbulence model. The flow analysis was divided into two parts: at-surface simulations and shallowly submerged simulations. At-surface simulations cover the resistance, powering, trim, and sinkage at transition and planing regimes, with corresponding Froude numbers ranging from 0.42 to 1.69. Shallowly submerged simulations were performed at seven different submergence depths, ranging from D/LOA = 0.063 5 to D/LOA = 0.635, and at two different speeds with Froude numbers of 0.21 and 0.33. The behaviors of the hydrodynamic forces and pitching moment for different operation depths were comprehensively analyzed. The results of the numerical analyses provide valuable insights into the hydrodynamic performance of semisubmersible naval ships, highlighting the critical factors influencing their resistance, powering, and maneuvering capabilities in both at-surface and submerged conditions.

References:

[1] Amiri MM, Esperan?a PT, Vitola MA, Sphaier SH (2018) How does the free surface affect the hydrodynamics of a shallowly submerged submarine? Appl. Ocean Res. 76: 34-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2018.04.008
[2] Amiri MM, Sphaier SH, Vitola MA, Esperan?a PT (2019) URANS investigation of the interaction between the free surface and a shallowly submerged underwater vehicle at steady drift. Appl. Ocean Res. 84: 192-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2019.01.012
[3] Avci AG and Barlas B (2018) An experimental and numerical study of a high speed planing craft with full-scale validation. J Marine Sci Techn 26: (5) -1. DOI: 10.6119/JMST.201810_26(5).0001 Available at: https://jmstt.ntou.edu.tw/journal/vol26/iss5/1
[4] Barsoum RG (2000) Interdisciplinary computational mechanics: some computational problems in naval ship design. Int J Numer Meth Eng 47: 729-734. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0207(20000110/30)47:1/3<729::AID-NME790>3.0.CO;2-B
[5] Bohm C (2014) A Velocity Prediction Procedure for Sailing Yachts Based on Integrated Fully Coupled RANSE-Free-Surface Simulations, Delft
[6] Caponnetto M, S?ding H and Azcueta R (2003) Motion Simulations for Planing Boats in Waves. Ship Technology Research, 50(4): 182-198. https://doi.org/10.1179/str.2003.50.4.006
[7] CD-ADAPCO (2011) User guide STAR-CCM+. Version 6.06.011
[8] Celik IB, Ghia U, Roache PJ, Freitas CJ, Coleman H and Raad PE (2008) Procedure for estimation and reporting of uncertainty due to discretization in CFD applications. J Fluids Eng Trans ASME 30: 078001-1-4. https://doi.org/10.1115/L2960953
[9] Clement EP and Blount DL (1963) Resistance tests of a systematic series of planing hull forms. SNAME Trans, 71
[10] Cui L, Chen Z, Feng Y, Li G and Liu J (2021) An improved VOF method with antiventilation techniques for the hydrodynamic assessment of planing hulls-part 1: Theory, Ocean Engineering 109687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109687
[11] Darrigol O (2005) Worlds of Flow: A History of Hydrodynamics from the Bernoullis to Prandtl, Oxford University Press
[12] Davidson KSM and Suzrez, A (1949) Test of Twenty Related Models of V-Bottom Motor Boats EMB Series 50. Report R-47, DTMB. Available at: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/AD0224761.pdf
[13] Dawson E (2014) An Investigation into the Effects of Submergence Depth, Speed and Hull Length-to-Diameter Ratio on the near Surface Operation of Conventional Submarines. PhD Thesis, University of Tasmania, AU
[14] De Luca F, Mancini S, Miranda S and Claudio P (2016) An Extended Verification and Validation Study of CFD Simulations for Planing Hulls. J Ship Res 60: 101-118. https://doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2016.60.2.101
[15] Delen C and Bal ? (2015) Uncertainty analysis of resistance tests in Ata Nutku Ship model testing Laboratory of Istanbul Technical University. Turkish Journal of Maritime and Marine Sciences, 1(2): 69-88. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/trjmms/issue/40138/477486#article_cite
[16] Dong K, Wang X, Zhang D, Liu, L and Feng D (2022) CFD Research on the Hydrodynamic Performance of Submarine Sailing near the Free Surface with Long-Crested Waves. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10010090
[17] E?a L and Hoekstra M (2014) A procedure for the estimation of the numerical uncertainty of CFD calculations based on grid refinement studies, Journal of Computational Physics 262: 104-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2014.01.006.
[18] Feldman J (1979) DTNSRDC revised standard submarine equations of motion, Tech. rep. David W Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center, Ship Performance Dept, Bethesda, MD. Available at: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/tr/pdf/ADA071804.pdf
[19] Fridsma G (1969) A Systematic Study of the Rough Water Performance of Planing Boats. davidson laboratory, Stevens Institute of Technology (November 1969), Technical Report 1275. Available at: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0708694.pdf
[20] Gertler M and Hagen GR (1967) Standard equations of motion for submarine simulation, Tech. rep. David W Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center, Bethesda, MD. Available at: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/AD0653861.pdf
[21] Gray-Stephens A, Tezdogan T and Day S (2019) Strategies to minimise numerical ventilation in CFD simulations of high-speed planing hulls. In: International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering (Vol. 58776, p. V002T08A042). American Society of Mechanical Engineers
[22] Gray-Stephens A, Tezdogan T and Day S (2021) Minimizing numerical ventilation in computational fluid dynamics simulations of high-speed planning hulls. Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, 143(3): 031903. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4050085
[23] Hirt CW, Nichols BD (1981) Volume of fluid (VOF) method for the dynamics of free boundaries, J Comput. Phys 39(1): 201-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/00219991(81)90145-5
[24] Hosseini A, Tavakoli S, Dashtimanesh A, Sahoo PK and Korgesaar M (2021) Performance prediction of a hard-chine planing hull by employing different CFD models. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 9(5): 481. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9050481.
[25] International Towing Tank Conference (ITTC) (2011) ITTC-Recommended Procedures and Guidelines: Practical Guidelines for Ship CFD Applications
[26] ITTC (2017) Recommended Procedures and Guidelines: Uncertainty analysis in CFD verification and validation methodology and procedures. 2017. ITTC-7.5-03-01-01
[27] Jin S, Peng H, Qiu W, Hunter R, and Thompson S (2023) Numerical simulation of planing hull motions in calm water and waves with overset grid. Ocean Engineering 287: 115858. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2023.115858
[28] Karabulut UC, Barlas B and Baykal MA (2024) Design prioritization study for a semi-submersible naval ship based on fast decision method. J Nav Sci Eng 20: 3-19. https://doi.org/10.56850/jnse.1406404
[29] Lighthill J and Lighthill M (2001) Waves in Fluids, Cambridge University Press
[30] Menter FR (1994) Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence modelling for engineering applications, AIAA Journal 32(8): 1598-1605. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.12149
[31] Moonesun M, Javadi M, Mousavizadegan SH, Dalayeli H, Korol YM and Gharachahi A (2017) Computational fluid dynamics analysis on the added resistance of submarine due to Deck wetness at surface condition. Proc Inst Mech Eng Pt M J Eng Maritime Environ. 231(1): 128-136. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/1475090215626462
[32] Najafi A, Nowruzi H and Amero MJ (2020) Hydrodynamic assessment of stepped planing hulls using experiments, Ocean Engineering 217, 107939. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107939
[33] Patankar SV, Spalding DB (1972) A calculation procedure for heat, mass and momentum transfer in three-dimensional parabolic flows. Int. J Heat Mass Tran 15: 1787-1806. https://doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(72)90054-3
[34] Rapha?l E and De Gennes PG (1966) Capillary gravity waves caused by a moving disturbance: wave resistance, Phys. Rev. E 53(4): 3448. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.53.3448
[35] Resistance Committee of 25th ITTC (2008) Uncertainty Analysis in CFD Verification and Validation Methodology and Procedures, Available at: http://ittc.info/media/4184/75-03-01-01.pdf
[36] Roddy RF (1990) Investigation of the stability and control characteristics of several configurations of the DARPA Suboff model (DTRC model 5470) from captive-model experiments, Tech. Rep. Ship Hydromechanics Dept, David Taylor Research Center, Bethesda, MD, USA. Available at: https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA227715.pdf
[37] Savitsky D (1964) Hydrodynamic design of planing hulls. Mar. Technol. 1, 1. https://doi.org/10.5957/mt1.1964.L4.71
[38] Savitsky D (1985) Chapter IV: planing craft. Nav. Eng. J. 113-140. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-3584.1985.tb03397.x
[39] Savitsky D, Core JL (1980) Re-evaluation of the planing hull form. J. Hydronautics 14(2): 34-47. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.63184
[40] Smith N, Crane J and Summey D (1978) SDV simulator hydrodynamic coefficients, NCSC rep. TM-231-78, Naval Coastal Systems Center, Panama City, FL
[41] Steger JL, Dougherty FC and Benek, JA (1983) A chimera grid scheme. Multiple overset body-conforming mesh system for finite difference adaptation to complex aircraft configurations. Adv. Grid Gener. 1983, 59-69
[42] Sukas OF, Kinaci OK, Cakici F, Gokce MK (2017) Hydrodynamic assessment of planing hulls using overset grids. Appl. Ocean Res. 65, 35-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2017.03.015
[43] Tavakoli S, Zhang M, Kondratenko AA and Hirdaris S (2024) A review on the hydrodynamics of planing hulls. Ocean Engineering, 303, 117046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.117046
[44] Toxopeus SL (2008) Viscous-flow calculations for bare hull DARPA SUBOFF submarine at incidence. Int Shipbuild Prog 55(3): 227-251. https://doi.org/10.3233/ISP-2008-0048
[45] Toxopeus SL, Atsavapranee P, Wolf E et al. (2012) Collaborative CFD exercise for a submarine in a steady turn. In: 31st international conference on ocean, offshore and arctic engineering (OMAE), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, OMAE2012-83573. https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2012-83573
[46] Van Terwisga TJC and Hooft JP (1988) Hydrodynamic support in the design of submarines. In: Bicentennial maritime symposium. Sydney, Australia, pp. 241-251
[47] Vaz G, Toxopeus SL and Holmes S (2010) Calculation of manoeuvring forces on submarines using two viscous-flow solvers. In: 29th international conference on ocean, offshore and arctic engineering (OMAE), Shanghai, China, OMAE2010-20373. https://doi.org/10.1115/OMAE2010-20373
[48] Vitiello L, Mancini S, Niazmand Bilandi R, Dashtimanesh A, De Luca F and Nappo V (2022) A comprehensive stepped planing hull systematic series: Part 1—resistance test. Ocean Engineering 266, 112242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112242
[49] Wang X and Day AH (2006) Numerical instability in linearized planing problems, Int J Numer Meth Engng 70: 840-875. https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.1913
[50] Wilcox DC (2006) Turbulence modelling for CFD. Third ed. DCW Industries

Memo

Memo:
Received date:2024-6-7;Accepted date:2024-9-23。
Corresponding author:Utku Cem Karabulut,E-mail:ukarabulut@bandirma.edu.tr
Last Update: 2025-04-23